skip to Main Content

2023. no 1. Maxim Shalak

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/kio.2023.1.21-32 Скачать статью

The campaign of Muhammad Giray I to Moscow in 1521
in the light of a critical analysis of Russian historical sources

Maxim Shalak

Southern Federal University

Abstract. A little more than 500 years ago, in the summer of 1521, the Crimean Khan Muhammad-Giray made a campaign against Moscow, thus marking the beginning of almost 250 years of confrontation between Russia and Crimea. This confrontation ended with the defeat of the Crimean Khanate and its incorporation into the Russian Empire. However, there is still no consensus among historians about the assessments of this event. Especially in light of the political events of recent years. Even more broadly, this topic concerns the building of Russian-Tatar cultural interaction in terms of developing their attitude to the common history of Eastern Europe. In the article presented, we will try to understand this through a comprehensive analysis of Russian historical sources of a chronicle nature. To achieve this goal, it will be necessary to establish the main circle of chronicle sources, dividing it into independent groups according to the degree of informativeness. It will also be necessary to identify the main narrative traditions, from the point of view of objectivity, in which the assessments and interpretations of the Tatars’ march on Moscow in 1521 may differ from each other. As a result, 3 main traditions in the coverage of the events of the summer of 1521 will be highlighted. in Russian historical sources of a chronicle nature. The most important chronicle sources in terms of reliability and objectivity include the Vologda-Perm and Resurrection chronicles, Postnikovsky and Vladimir chroniclers. The least reliable and tendentious are the Nikon Chronicle and the Power Book. An intermediate position between the providentialist and rationalist historiosophical position is occupied by the Lviv Chronicle and the Chronograph of the edition of 1512.

Keywords: The Crimean Khanate, Muhammad-Giray I, the Moscow state, Vasily III, Russian chronicle sources of the 16th century, Russian-Tatar relations

For citation: Shalak M.E. The campaign of Muhammad Giray I to Moscow in 1521 in the light of a critical analysis of Russian historical sources. Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie=Crimean Historical Review. 2023, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 21–32. DOI: 10.22378/kio.2023.1.21-32 (In Russian)

REFERENCES

  1. Zimin A.A. Rossiya na poroge novogo vremeni (ocherki politicheskoi istorii Rossii pervoi treti XVI v.) [Russia on the threshold of a New Time (essays on the political history of Russia in the first third of the XVI century)]. Moscow: Mysl, 1972. 452 p. (In Russian)
  2. Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei (PSRL). Voskresenskaya letopis’ (prodolzhenie letopisi po Voskresenskomu spisku) [Complete collection of Russian chronicles (PSRL). Vol. 8. The Resurrection Chronicle (continuation of the chronicle according to the Resurrection List)]. St. Petersburg: Tipografiya E. Pratsa, 1859. 310 p. (In Russian)
  3. Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei. Vol. 13. Part. 1. Patriarshaya ili Nikonovskaya letopis’ [The printing house of I.N. Skorohodov, 1904. 302 p.] (In Russian)
  4. Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei. Vol. 20. 1-ya polovina. L’vovskaya letopis’ [Lviv chronicle]. St. Petersburg: Tipografiya M.A. Aleksandrova, 1910. P. I–IV, 1–418. (In Russian)
  5. Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei. Vol. 21. 2-ya polovina. Kniga Stepennaya tsarskogo rodosloviya [The Sedate book of the royal genealogy]. St. Petersburg: Tipografiya M.A. Aleksandrova, 1913, рp. 343–708. (In Russian)
  6. Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei. Vol. 22. Part. 1. Khronograf redaktsii 1512 goda [Chronograph edition of 1512]. St. Petersburg: Tipografiya M.A. Aleksandrova, 1911. 578 p.
  7. Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei. Vol. 26. Vologodsko-Permskaya letopis’ [Vologda-Perm chronicle]. Moscow-Leningrad: Academy of sciences of the USSR Publ., 1959. 412 p.
  8. Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei. Vol. 30. Vladimirskii letopisets [Vladimir chronicler]. Moscow: Nauka, 1955, рp. 7–146. (In Russian)
  9. Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei. T. 34. Postnikovskii letopisets [PSRL. Vol. 34. Postnikovsky chronicler]. Moscow: Nauka, 1978, рp. 8–30. (In Russian)
  10. Shalak M.E. Smutnoe vremya v otsenkakh russkikh sovremennikov i istoricheskoe soznanie rossiyskogo obshchestva XVII veka [The Time of Troubles in the assessments of Russian contemporaries and the historical consciousness of Russian society of the XVII century]. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Severo-Kavkazskiy region. Obshchestvennye nauki – News of higher educational institutions. The North Caucasus region. Social sciences, 2004, no. 1 (125), pp. 36–40. (In Russian)

About the author: Maxim E. Shalak – Cand. Sci. (History), Associate Professor of the Department of Special Historical Disciplines and Methods of Teaching History and Social Science of the Institute of History and International Relations, Southern Federal University (344006, Bolshaya Sadovaya Str., 105/42, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation); shemjchich@mail.ru

×Close search
Search