2026. no 1. Emil Seidaliev, Mark Kramarovsky
The Golden Horde Solkhat Caravanserai: 100 Years of Research
Emil Seidaliev
Fevzi Yakubov Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University;
Institute of Archeology of the Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Simferopol, Russian Federation
Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Kazan, Russian Federation
Mark Kramarovsky
State Hermitage Museum
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Abstract. Archaeological research at the Golden Horde settlement of Solkhat has been ongoing for nearly a century. However, a number of sites have attracted the attention of researchers before. One of the key architectural and archaeological complexes of Stary Krym is the so-called “caravanserai.” Various sources and literature sometimes attribute it to the khan’s palace. Currently, in historiography and official documentation, it is known as an inn a “caravanserai.” The first archaeological research on the caravanserai site was undertaken in 1925. However, some of the materials from this research have been lost, and only a small portion has been published. Larger excavations were undertaken by the State Hermitage Museum archaeological expedition led by M.G. Kramarovsky from 1980 to 1994. The results of these studies allowed for the preliminary chronology and stratigraphy of the site to be determined and a significant number of finds to be discovered, which have now enriched the museum’s collections. Three chronological stages in the history of this part of the settlement are distinguished, each of which is associated with the functioning of a specific archaeological site from the second half of the 13th to the beginning of the 15th centuries.
Keywords: Golden Horde; Crimea; Solkhat; Caravanserai
For citation: Seidaliev E.I., Kramarovsky M.G. The Golden Horde Solkhat Caravanserai: 100 Years of Research. Krymskoe istoricheskoe obozrenie=Crimean Historical Review. 2026, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 104–112. https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2026.1.104-112 (In Russian)
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INFORMATION ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Emil I. Seidaliev – Cand. Sci. (History), Head of the Chair of history, Fevzi Yakubov Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University (8, Uchebny Lane, Simferopol 295015, Russian Federation); Senior Researcher, Institute of Archeology of the Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2, Vernadsky Ave., Simferopol 295007, Russian Federation); Senior Researcher of the Crimean Scientific Center, Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences (7, Baturin Str., Kazan 420111, Russian Federation); ORCID: 0000-0002-2822-3930, Researcher ID: AAA-3179-2019, Scopus Author ID: 57211791989. E-mail: codexcummanicus@gmail.com
Mark G. Kramarovsky – Dr. Sci. (History), Leading Researcher, Oriental Department, State Hermitage Museum, Curator of Central Asian Collection (34 Dvortsovaya Naberezhnaya, Saint Petersburg, 190000, Russian Federation); ORCID: 0009-0000-6541-8297. E-mail: kramarovskiy@hermitage.ru
Received 10.03.2026
Accepted 12.03.2026
